The emerging methodological and operational challenges to European Union election observation activities were discussed during the EODS seminar in Brussels on 26-28 April. The topics included: observation of the use of new voting technologies on E-Day, how to observe voter registration and assess accuracy of voter registers/lists, monitoring and reporting on campaign finance and the role of money in politics, observation methodology and the criteria for evaluating the role of social media, ensuring an effective follow-up to EOM recommendations and how to enhance operational assistance by Service Providers. The recommendations of the seminar will help EODS to improve its support to EOMs and to identify training priorities.